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Post-traumatic epilepsy with isolated memory flashbacks
C. Limotai, et al.
Volume 15, Number 1, March 2013
Keywords : Head trauma, Hallucinations (visual), Nonepileptic paroxysmal event, Temporal lobe (right), Focal non-idiopathic temporal (TLE)
injury which subsequently led to the development of paroxysmal episodes of isolated memory flashbacks related to the injury. Detailed analysis of her symptoms along with video-EEG telemetry recordings was helpful to distinguish between these two conditions. [
Published with video sequences]
Corpus callosotomy in a patient with startle epilepsy
N. Garófalo Gómez, et al.
Volume 15, Number 1, March 2013
Keywords : Unknown, Tonic seizure, Startle response, Atonic seizure (drop attack), Not applicable, Reflex epilepsies
herein a girl who had been suffering with startle-induced seizures since 2 years of age. She had focal, tonic and tonic-clonic seizures, refractory to antiepileptic treatment. Daily tonic seizures led to very frequent falls and morbidity. Neurologically, she had no deficit. Interictal EEG showed slow waves and epileptiform discharges in central and fronto-central regions. Video-polygraphic recordings of seizures, triggered by stimuli, showed generalised symmetric tonic posturing with ictal EEG, characterised by an abrupt and diffuse electrodecremental pattern of fast activity, followed by alpha-theta rhythm superimposed by epileptic discharges predominantly over the vertex and anterior regions. Magnetic resonance imaging showed no abnormalities. Corpus callosotomy was performed when the patient was 17. Since surgery, the patient (one year follow-up) has remained seizure-free. Corpus callosotomy may be considered in patients with startle epilepsy and tonic seizures, in the absence of focal lesions amenable to surgery. [
Published with video sequences]
Corpus callosotomy in a patient with startle epilepsy
N. Garófalo Gómez, et al.
Volume 15, Number 1, March 2013
Keywords : Unknown, Startle response, Tonic seizure, Atonic seizure (drop attack), Not applicable, Reflex epilepsies
herein a girl who had been suffering with startle-induced seizures since 2 years of age. She had focal, tonic and tonic-clonic seizures, refractory to antiepileptic treatment. Daily tonic seizures led to very frequent falls and morbidity. Neurologically, she had no deficit. Interictal EEG showed slow waves and epileptiform discharges in central and fronto-central regions. Video-polygraphic recordings of seizures, triggered by stimuli, showed generalised symmetric tonic posturing with ictal EEG, characterised by an abrupt and diffuse electrodecremental pattern of fast activity, followed by alpha-theta rhythm superimposed by epileptic discharges predominantly over the vertex and anterior regions. Magnetic resonance imaging showed no abnormalities. Corpus callosotomy was performed when the patient was 17. Since surgery, the patient (one year follow-up) has remained seizure-free. Corpus callosotomy may be considered in patients with startle epilepsy and tonic seizures, in the absence of focal lesions amenable to surgery. [
Published with video sequences]
Gastaut type idiopathic childhood occipital epilepsy
T. Ferrari-Marinho, et al.
Volume 15, Number 1, March 2013
Keywords : Idiopathic, Eye deviation, Hallucinations (visual), Not applicable, Late onset childhood occipital epilepsy (Gastaut type)
elementary visual hallucinations or blindness. Other occipital (non-visual) symptoms may also occur. Interictal EEG typically shows occipital paroxysms, often with fixation-off sensitivity. Ictal EEG is usually characterised by interruption by paroxysms and sudden appearance of low-voltage, occipital, fast rhythm and/or spikes. Despite well described clinical and EEG patterns, to our knowledge, there are very few reports in the literature with video-EEG recording of either seizure semiology or fixation-off phenomena. We present a video-EEG recording of a 12-year-old girl with Gastaut type epilepsy, illustrating the interictal and ictal aspects of this syndrome. Our aim was to demonstrate the clinical and neurophysiological pattern of a typical seizure of Gastaut type epilepsy, as well as the fixation-off phenomena, in order to further clarify the typical presentation of this syndrome. [
Published with video sequences]
Gastaut type idiopathic childhood occipital epilepsy
T. Ferrari-Marinho, et al.
Volume 15, Number 1, March 2013
Keywords : Idiopathic, Eye deviation, Hallucinations (visual), Not applicable, Late onset childhood occipital epilepsy (Gastaut type)
elementary visual hallucinations or blindness. Other occipital (non-visual) symptoms may also occur. Interictal EEG typically shows occipital paroxysms, often with fixation-off sensitivity. Ictal EEG is usually characterised by interruption by paroxysms and sudden appearance of low-voltage, occipital, fast rhythm and/or spikes. Despite well described clinical and EEG patterns, to our knowledge, there are very few reports in the literature with video-EEG recording of either seizure semiology or fixation-off phenomena. We present a video-EEG recording of a 12-year-old girl with Gastaut type epilepsy, illustrating the interictal and ictal aspects of this syndrome. Our aim was to demonstrate the clinical and neurophysiological pattern of a typical seizure of Gastaut type epilepsy, as well as the fixation-off phenomena, in order to further clarify the typical presentation of this syndrome. [
Published with video sequences]
Intracranial video-EEG and surgery for focal atonic seizures
M. Donadío, et al.
Volume 15, Number 1, March 2013
Keywords : Dysplasia (architectural), Aura (abdominal), Atonic seizure (drop attack), HEAD DEVIATION, Multilobar including temporal, Focal non-idiopathic (localization not specified)
such as the primary negative motor area or the supplementary negative motor area, could be responsible. We present findings observed in a patient with atonic seizures due to focal epilepsy, who underwent intracranial video-EEG monitoring and epilepsy surgery, and discuss possible underlying mechanisms. [
Published with video sequences]
Pure epileptic headache and related manifestations: a video-EEG report and discussion of terminology
C. Cianchetti, et al.
Volume 15, Number 1, March 2013
Keywords : Focal cortical dysplasia (type ii), Headache, Temporal lobe (right), Focal non-idiopathic temporal (TLE)
episodes (of a few minutes) of severe frontal headache, which corresponded to the presence of concurrent spikes and slow waves, starting in the right temporal area. A dysplastic lesion of the right temporal lobe was observed by MRI and the patient received surgery, with subsequent disappearance of headaches. This case highlights ictal EEG as the main diagnostic tool for epileptic headache. We discuss the terminology regarding this type of manifestation and believe that cases without subsequent epileptic manifestations, as in the present case, should be more appropriately referred to as “
pure ictal epileptic headache” or simply “
pure epileptic headache”. [
Published with video sequences]
